Product Backlog Item (PBI)

A Product Backlog Item (PBI) is an entry in the Product Backlog that represents a potential improvement to the product. PBIs can include user stories, epics, specifications, bugs, or change requirements---anything that adds value.

Each PBI includes a description, its order, and the value it contributes. PBIs are emergent: they evolve as more is learned about the product and the customer's needs. Through refinement, PBIs are broken down and clarified so that they can be completed within a Sprint and selected during Sprint Planning.

While the Scrum Guide does not require it, teams often estimate PBIs to support forecasting and planning. This is usually done by the Developers, often in collaboration with the Product Owner to align business value with effort.

A well-maintained Product Backlog---with clear, actionable PBIs---helps the Scrum Team stay transparent, focused, and aligned with the Product Goal.